here's a little history from you basehead....also the dollar was strong in early 2001 so they had room to cut....market eventually bottomed out in october of 2002
Surprise Rate Cut Spurs U.S. Stocks
By Mitchell Martin
Published: THURSDAY, JANUARY 4, 2001
NEW YORK: U.S. central bankers cut interest rates Wednesday in a sharp and unexpected action that came as the American economy showed signs of a rapid deterioration from its robust gains of the late 1990s.
A day after the Nasdaq composite index tumbled 7.2 percent, the action was a tonic to the stock market, overcoming all of the Tuesday loss and then some. The Nasdaq finished with a gain of over 14 percent, its largest-ever daily rise.
The Federal Open Market Committee reduced its target on the federal funds rate to 6 percent from 6.5 percent, citing weakening business conditions, lower consumer confidence, falling financial markets and high energy prices.
"The timing of the Fed's action takes us by surprise and reveals a deepening anxiety among the policymakers regarding the U.S. economy," said William Sullivan, chief economist at Morgan Stanley Dean Witter & Co. "It is also quite apparent that the Fed is no longer focusing on labor-market developments exclusively, as they were last year; rather, they are concentrating on sentiment measures, the ongoing pace of consumer spending and manufacturing."
Especially significant, he said, was a late-December report of flagging consumer confidence by the Conference Board, along with the National Association of Purchasing Management data on Tuesday, which showed the U.S. manufacturing economy contracting for a fifth consecutive month.
In Austin, Texas, President-elect George W. Bush said: "I am pleased that the Fed has cut the interest rates. I think the cut was needed. It was a strong statement that measures must be taken to make sure our economy does not go into a tailspin.
"One of the messages that Mr. Greenspan sent was that we need bold action, not only at the Fed, but I would interpret that to mean bold action in the halls of Congress to make sure that the economy stays vibrant, and to that end, I think it is really important for members of the Congress to understand that the tax-relief plan that I put forth is an integral part of economic recovery." (Page 3)
Just a year ago, the Fed was trying to rein in economic growth, worried that there were too few unemployed workers in the United States and that a bidding war for their services would push prices for goods and services higher.
The rate cut Wednesday of half a percentage point — twice the increment the Fed has preferred under the chairmanship of Alan Greenspan — offset an increase of that size enacted May 16.
Mr. Sullivan said that increase came shortly after the stock market roared to a peak in March and that the central bankers were obviously then concerned that equity gains were being translated into spending by consumers feeling flush from the so-called wealth effect. The resulting demand for goods and services was taxing the economy's ability to provide them, and the central bank was seeking to discourage spending by raising interest rates.
As recently as its Nov. 15 meeting, the FOMC warned that inflation was more of a danger than economic weakness, but it reversed that position Dec. 19.
Mr. Sullivan said the stock market would provide clues to the Fed's next move. It had been expected to cut rates at its Jan. 31 FOMC meeting, and a reduction at that time might still occur if the stock market does not sustain the gains seen Wednesday. "If the stock market does experience a huge rally between now and the end of the month, then the prospects of another rate cut are diminished," said Mr. Sullivan.
He said the statement's mention of tight conditions in "financial markets" was significant because it was broader than the usual "credit markets" terminology, which would have referred only to bonds.
Bond prices fell after the rate cut, reversing a "flight to quality" that occurred in recent weeks as investors fled the stock market, Mr. Sullivan said.
The yield on the 10-year Treasury bond rose to 5.15 percent late Wednesday from the close Tuesday of 4.92 percent but was still only slightly higher than the 5.11 percent at which it ended 2000. At the end of July, the bond yielded more than 6 percent.
Besides the FOMC move on the federal funds target, which banks charge each other on overnight loans, the Federal Reserve Board itself said it would reduce the discount rate it charges on direct loans to banks to 5.5 percent from 5.75 percent.
The federal funds rate is essentially the floor for the American credit markets, charged on short-term loans among creditworthy borrowers. The FOMC, which includes the members of the Federal Reserve Board and the presidents of the regional Fed banks, can influence that rate by adding or draining cash from the economy.
The discount rate is more of an emergency facility, available to banks that must top up their cash positions but generally shunned because it is a sign they are having trouble borrowing in the open market.
Rate reductions help economic growth in a number of ways. By reducing borrowing costs, they make it easier for those with loans to service their debts, and they also make it cheaper to borrow money to invest in the stock market or to buy productive assets such as factory machinery.
The rate cut directly benefited the financial sector, with Citibank, J.P. Morgan Chase and Morgan Stanley among the active gainers on the New York Stock Exchange. The Dow Jones industrial average closed 299.60 points higher, or 2.81 percent, at 10,945.75, while the broader Standard & Poor's 500 was up 5.01 percent, or 64.26 points, at 1,347.53.
But the real winners were the battered stocks on the Nasdaq, which had seen their values mauled by the prospect of a slowing economy depressing demand for their goods and thus reducing their earnings growth. The Nasdaq composite added a stunning 324.66 points, to 2,616.52, an increase of 14.17 percent.
Cisco was the most active Nasdaq issue late in the day, clawing back about 20 percent of its value, which had been halved since Aug. 31. Other active gainers were Worldcom, Sun, Intel, Oracle, Microsoft, JDS Uniphase and Dell.
Christine Callies, chief U.S. investment strategist at Merrill Lynch & Co., said that if the Fed can engineer a "soft landing," slowing economic growth to a rate that would not generate inflationary pressures but not pushing it into recession, then technology and financial stocks would be expected to benefit, along with providers of consumer goods and services that are dependent on economic growth.
Among the last category, entertainment companies such as Viacom and Time Warner were especially strong.
On the other hand, she said, the "defensive groups" that had been rising in the past few weeks were likely to come under pressure as investors returned to their focus on companies with growth prospects. Indeed, Philip Morris and Pfizer, two stocks that have been rising since the end of the summer, were among the few losers in the active list on the New York Stock Exchange.
Energy stocks, another group that had done well as the market weakened late last year, also fared poorly Wednesday, with Chevron, Amerada Hess and Texaco showing losses.
Microsoft and Intel, each up about 11 percent, were the biggest influences on the Dow industrials, along with AT&T. IBM, Hewlett-Packard and Home Depot were not far behind.
29-Mar-01 1,838.44 1,876.74 1,802.76 1,820.57 2,079,050,000 1,820.57
28-Mar-01 1,925.30 1,925.30 1,852.96 1,854.13 2,072,260,000 1,854.13
27-Mar-01 1,922.70 1,979.75 1,907.16 1,972.23 1,951,410,000 1,972.23
26-Mar-01 1,957.71 1,960.68 1,909.42 1,918.49 1,719,620,000 1,918.49
23-Mar-01 1,938.91 1,952.92 1,891.99 1,928.68 2,284,560,000 1,928.68
22-Mar-01 1,845.34 1,898.10 1,794.21 1,897.70 2,504,770,000 1,897.70
21-Mar-01 1,862.74 1,896.21 1,820.75 1,830.23 2,109,190,000 1,830.23
20-Mar-01 1,964.45 1,974.14 1,857.41 1,857.44 2,016,500,000 1,857.44
19-Mar-01 1,901.45 1,953.08 1,867.58 1,951.18 1,774,570,000 1,951.18
16-Mar-01 1,914.58 1,940.71 1,877.69 1,890.91 2,102,270,000 1,890.91
15-Mar-01 2,023.79 2,030.73 1,939.38 1,940.71 1,963,770,000 1,940.71
14-Mar-01 1,948.56 2,028.53 1,933.40 1,972.09 2,147,220,000 1,972.09
13-Mar-01 1,948.70 2,015.35 1,932.63 2,014.78 2,096,420,000 2,014.78
12-Mar-01 2,001.68 2,004.09 1,922.78 1,923.38 2,149,820,000 1,923.38
9-Mar-01 2,124.11 2,124.11 2,041.78 2,052.78 1,962,120,000 2,052.78
8-Mar-01 2,211.30 2,219.87 2,161.41 2,168.73 1,759,140,000 2,168.73
7-Mar-01 2,241.23 2,243.75 2,201.41 2,223.92 1,774,410,000 2,223.92
6-Mar-01 2,204.30 2,243.78 2,202.70 2,204.43 1,986,380,000 2,204.43
5-Mar-01 2,142.75 2,163.09 2,127.96 2,142.92 1,495,750,000 2,142.92
2-Mar-01 2,111.23 2,197.85 2,091.55 2,117.63 2,374,100,000 2,117.63
1-Mar-01 2,126.30 2,184.41 2,071.03 2,183.37 2,256,880,000 2,183.37
28-Feb-01 2,223.88 2,238.06 2,127.50 2,151.83 2,082,700,000 2,151.83
27-Feb-01 2,286.64 2,300.18 2,206.72 2,207.82 1,808,540,000 2,207.82
26-Feb-01 2,287.88 2,309.73 2,238.64 2,308.50 1,739,060,000 2,308.50
23-Feb-01 2,221.27 2,264.68 2,156.29 2,262.51 2,237,910,000 2,262.51
22-Feb-01 2,272.13 2,291.69 2,185.91 2,244.96 2,483,470,000 2,244.96
21-Feb-01 2,281.79 2,353.51 2,257.15 2,268.94 2,019,740,000 2,268.94
20-Feb-01 2,439.57 2,442.99 2,317.77 2,318.35 1,878,340,000 2,318.35
16-Feb-01 2,444.60 2,457.65 2,397.43 2,425.38 1,892,200,000 2,425.38
15-Feb-01 2,536.63 2,593.09 2,536.63 2,552.91 2,106,930,000 2,552.91
14-Feb-01 2,437.68 2,493.11 2,388.40 2,491.40 1,987,350,000 2,491.40
13-Feb-01 2,510.84 2,554.65 2,427.47 2,427.72 1,728,550,000 2,427.72
12-Feb-01 2,458.65 2,508.27 2,435.36 2,489.66 1,751,220,000 2,489.66
9-Feb-01 2,542.24 2,542.62 2,455.87 2,470.97 1,881,910,000 2,470.97
8-Feb-01 2,625.78 2,651.84 2,562.02 2,562.06 1,852,360,000 2,562.06
7-Feb-01 2,615.94 2,636.07 2,554.76 2,607.82 2,056,920,000 2,607.82
6-Feb-01 2,641.91 2,705.59 2,640.23 2,664.49 1,788,920,000 2,664.49
5-Feb-01 2,639.65 2,656.02 2,596.73 2,643.21 1,648,760,000 2,643.21
2-Feb-01 2,782.93 2,791.58 2,660.11 2,660.50 1,706,900,000 2,660.50
1-Feb-01 2,771.57 2,796.89 2,742.44 2,782.79 1,776,260,000 2,782.79
31-Jan-01 2,848.11 2,872.47 2,772.35 2,772.73 2,277,310,000 2,772.73
30-Jan-01 2,845.01 2,861.71 2,817.13 2,838.35 2,073,590,000 2,838.35
29-Jan-01 2,757.29 2,840.02 2,742.50 2,838.34 1,970,130,000 2,838.34
26-Jan-01 2,705.39 2,785.62 2,686.65 2,781.30 2,268,800,000 2,781.30
25-Jan-01 2,836.35 2,849.56 2,753.37 2,754.28 2,298,150,000 2,754.28
24-Jan-01 2,850.74 2,892.36 2,828.32 2,859.15 2,567,320,000 2,859.15
23-Jan-01 2,759.26 2,845.39 2,736.28 2,840.39 2,278,470,000 2,840.39
22-Jan-01 2,759.10 2,789.63 2,722.96 2,757.91 2,037,140,000 2,757.91
19-Jan-01 2,838.36 2,841.25 2,752.06 2,770.38 2,697,190,000 2,770.38
18-Jan-01 2,696.74 2,769.98 2,661.26 2,768.49 2,558,710,000 2,768.49
17-Jan-01 2,710.53 2,756.63 2,668.48 2,682.78 2,819,190,000 2,682.78
16-Jan-01 2,631.49 2,638.22 2,576.95 2,618.55 2,073,940,000 2,618.55
12-Jan-01 2,639.56 2,699.87 2,589.63 2,626.50 2,518,850,000 2,626.50
11-Jan-01 2,495.59 2,661.93 2,495.01 2,640.57 2,842,640,000 2,640.57
10-Jan-01 2,392.71 2,525.28 2,376.49 2,524.18 2,470,350,000 2,524.18
9-Jan-01 2,424.69 2,474.16 2,406.08 2,441.30 1,975,130,000 2,441.30
8-Jan-01 2,388.72 2,397.06 2,299.65 2,395.92 1,850,590,000 2,395.92
5-Jan-01 2,573.11 2,574.62 2,395.39 2,407.65 2,104,670,000 2,407.65
4-Jan-01 2,593.96 2,644.80 2,549.83 2,566.83 2,610,680,000 2,566.83