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Breed History:
Little is known of the origin of hairless breeds. Some authorities consider them African dogs developed in South America. Extinct hairless breeds are reported from Africa, including the Abyssinian Hairless Dog, the African Sand Dog, the Barbary Dog, and the Turkish Naked Dog. None of these African hairless dogs survive today, although Spanish traders could have introduced hairless dogs to the New World. Other authorities attribute the Latin American hairless breeds to China and state that the extant breeds were developed in Latin America by native peoples who had originally migrated from Asia. This is a more likely scenario and it may have resulted in hairless breeds making the long march from Africa and Central Asia to Central America. The Mexican Hairless, its clay likeness uncovered in an ancient Mexican archaeological site, may date back more than 5,700 years.
The Chihuahua was kept in Toltec temples in ancient, pre-Columbian times. Aztecs, the successors to the Toltecs, introduced the Mexican Hairless to temple culture. Interbreeding between these two ancient Mexican breeds may have produced the Chinese Crested Dog, a now-popular hairless breed. The Mexican Hairless is named " Xoloitzcuintli" after the god Xoloti. Spanish conquerors first encountered the Mexican Hairless Dog in the 1500s. Native Americans venerated the Mexican Hairless, They used the dog for companionship, for medicinal purposes (contact with its warm, moist skin was considered a cure for headaches and even insomnia), and even for food!
The first Mexican Hairless was shown in the US in 1883 and was recognized fully two decades before the Chihuahua. As early as the 1840s, hairless dogs were common in Mexico. However, as few dogs were registered in the US, in 1959 the AKC withdrew recognition of the breed (demonstrating that the AKC equates recognition with the strength of a breed's registration income).
The Mexican Hairless was developed strictly as a companion dog--a bed warmer. The Mexican Hairless, like other hairless dogs, has a higher than expected body temperature (making it an ideal canine "hot water bottle").
Country of Origin: Middle America (Mexico)