1855-1860 . One of the first surgical procedures using ether as an anesthetic
Dr. Sigmund Freud was the first scientist to theorize that this extract could be used as a local anesthetic
Zbigniew Religa after a 23 hour heart transplant, watching his patient’s vital signs. 1987
Tadeusz Zitkevits, the patient who received the heart transplant, 25 years after the surgery
Dr. Sigmund Freud was the first scientist to theorize that this extract could be used as a local anesthetic
Italia......
The Flavian Amphitheatre, better known as the Colosseum, is both a marvel of architecture and engineering, as well as a powerful symbol of Ancient Rome’s might and brutality.
Here are 5 facts about the Colosseum, a place of spectacle and slaughter.…
1) It was the largest amphitheatre ever built, taking ten years to construct and able to hold 50,000 spectators at its peak. From its dedication in AD 80 until the fall of the Empire, the rich and poor, noble and plebian flocked to the Colosseum to watchgladiatorial games, executions and animal hunts.
2) The seating reflected the hierarchy of Roman society – the lower a person’s tier, the higher their position. So Senators sat in the bottom level, closest to the action, while women, the poorest men and slaves could only sit on the top level. Not everyone was welcome in the Colosseum. Actors, the grave diggers and former gladiators couldn’t attend.
3) It is thought 1 million animals died fighting either men or other creatures. Elephants, lions, bears, crocodiles, giraffes, rhinos and hippos were brought from around the known world. There are also records from the early years of the Colosseum claiming that the arena was flooded with water so that historic naval battles could be reconstructed.
4) Much like modern stadiums, spectators were given tickets (made of pottery), which led them to a specific gate and staircase so they could find their level. The 76 public entrances were numbered I to LXXVI. The many passageways into the arena were calledvomitoria (after the Latin word for ‘spew forth’). There were so many that, even when filled, the Colosseum could empty in minutes.
5) Following the downfall of the Roman Empire, the Colosseum fell into disrepair as lightning and earthquakes caused severe damage, including the collapse of one side of the outer wall. Yet, greater damage was done by those stealing the rocks and marble to use on other construction sites. For centuries, the Colosseum became a quarry. Today, we can only get a hint of the majesty and awe-inspiring size of the original Colosseum
Photographed in 1846
.JPG)
..........................
Venice
The Flavian Amphitheatre, better known as the Colosseum, is both a marvel of architecture and engineering, as well as a powerful symbol of Ancient Rome’s might and brutality.
Here are 5 facts about the Colosseum, a place of spectacle and slaughter.…
1) It was the largest amphitheatre ever built, taking ten years to construct and able to hold 50,000 spectators at its peak. From its dedication in AD 80 until the fall of the Empire, the rich and poor, noble and plebian flocked to the Colosseum to watchgladiatorial games, executions and animal hunts.
2) The seating reflected the hierarchy of Roman society – the lower a person’s tier, the higher their position. So Senators sat in the bottom level, closest to the action, while women, the poorest men and slaves could only sit on the top level. Not everyone was welcome in the Colosseum. Actors, the grave diggers and former gladiators couldn’t attend.
3) It is thought 1 million animals died fighting either men or other creatures. Elephants, lions, bears, crocodiles, giraffes, rhinos and hippos were brought from around the known world. There are also records from the early years of the Colosseum claiming that the arena was flooded with water so that historic naval battles could be reconstructed.
4) Much like modern stadiums, spectators were given tickets (made of pottery), which led them to a specific gate and staircase so they could find their level. The 76 public entrances were numbered I to LXXVI. The many passageways into the arena were calledvomitoria (after the Latin word for ‘spew forth’). There were so many that, even when filled, the Colosseum could empty in minutes.
5) Following the downfall of the Roman Empire, the Colosseum fell into disrepair as lightning and earthquakes caused severe damage, including the collapse of one side of the outer wall. Yet, greater damage was done by those stealing the rocks and marble to use on other construction sites. For centuries, the Colosseum became a quarry. Today, we can only get a hint of the majesty and awe-inspiring size of the original Colosseum
Photographed in 1846
..........................
Venice
an iconic figure in the cycling world, Mr Tullio Campagnolo.
(copy /pasting)
He was born in Vicenza, Italy in 1901 to a middle-class family, and began his tinkering of inventions at his father's hardware store.
In 1922 Campagnolo began his amateur cycling career.
In 1930, he patented the cam mechanism quick-release skewer that became the standard for the industry, a design still used today.
In 1933, the first quick release hubs were produced by Campagnolo.
Also in 1933, he patented the sliding hub, dual seatstay rod-operated, back-pedal derailleur, ultimately known as the 'Cambio Corsa'.
In 1949, he introduced the 'Gran Sport' twin-cable, parallelogram rear derailleur at the Milan trade show, the first modern derailleur.
Eighty years after Tullio Campagnolo developed his first innovative products, road cyclists the world over consider Campagnolo the ultimate in bicycle componentry.
Campagnolo died in 1983, just after the introduction of the Gruppo del Cinquantenario (50th anniversary Campagnolo groupset). The groupset was mostly made from high grade aluminium, and had special gold coloured parts, to distinguish it from the standard production groupsets.
Gruppo Number 0002 was presented to Pope John Paul II in a private audience for a delegation of Italian cycling enthusiasts later that year.
(copy /pasting)
He was born in Vicenza, Italy in 1901 to a middle-class family, and began his tinkering of inventions at his father's hardware store.
In 1922 Campagnolo began his amateur cycling career.
In 1930, he patented the cam mechanism quick-release skewer that became the standard for the industry, a design still used today.
In 1933, the first quick release hubs were produced by Campagnolo.
Also in 1933, he patented the sliding hub, dual seatstay rod-operated, back-pedal derailleur, ultimately known as the 'Cambio Corsa'.
In 1949, he introduced the 'Gran Sport' twin-cable, parallelogram rear derailleur at the Milan trade show, the first modern derailleur.
Eighty years after Tullio Campagnolo developed his first innovative products, road cyclists the world over consider Campagnolo the ultimate in bicycle componentry.
Campagnolo died in 1983, just after the introduction of the Gruppo del Cinquantenario (50th anniversary Campagnolo groupset). The groupset was mostly made from high grade aluminium, and had special gold coloured parts, to distinguish it from the standard production groupsets.
Gruppo Number 0002 was presented to Pope John Paul II in a private audience for a delegation of Italian cycling enthusiasts later that year.
how would ya like to drive one of these for a day? ..........dagone.............breathtaking...................Mr Ferruccio Lamborghini brought it to life.....
[FONT="]'Ferruccio Lamborghini was born in 1916 in a small town called Renazzo di Cento, which is located in Emilia Romagna. His parents were farmers and encouraged their son to help them out with the family business, especially when it came to working on the farm equipment that the Lamborghinis owned.[/FONT]
[FONT="]This early brush with machinery instilled in Ferruccio a love of mechanics and as a young man, the future industrialist also nurtured a passion for fast cars and motorcycles.'[/FONT]
"In 1974 Lamborghini exited the industrial world and retired to a 740-acre (3.0 km[SUP]2[/SUP]) estate named "La Fiorita" on the shores of Lake Trasimeno, in Castiglione del Lago, a town in the Umbria region of central Italy. Returning to his farming roots, Lamborghini delighted in hunting and producing his own wines. Lamborghini even designed his own golf course, all while continuing to manage several business interests.
At 76 years of age, on February 20, 1993, Lamborghini died at Silvestrini Hospital in Perugia after suffering a heart attack fifteen days earlier. Lamborghini is buried at the Monumental Cemetery of the Certosa di Bologna monastery"
[h=1][/h]
[FONT="]'Ferruccio Lamborghini was born in 1916 in a small town called Renazzo di Cento, which is located in Emilia Romagna. His parents were farmers and encouraged their son to help them out with the family business, especially when it came to working on the farm equipment that the Lamborghinis owned.[/FONT]
[FONT="]This early brush with machinery instilled in Ferruccio a love of mechanics and as a young man, the future industrialist also nurtured a passion for fast cars and motorcycles.'[/FONT]
"In 1974 Lamborghini exited the industrial world and retired to a 740-acre (3.0 km[SUP]2[/SUP]) estate named "La Fiorita" on the shores of Lake Trasimeno, in Castiglione del Lago, a town in the Umbria region of central Italy. Returning to his farming roots, Lamborghini delighted in hunting and producing his own wines. Lamborghini even designed his own golf course, all while continuing to manage several business interests.
At 76 years of age, on February 20, 1993, Lamborghini died at Silvestrini Hospital in Perugia after suffering a heart attack fifteen days earlier. Lamborghini is buried at the Monumental Cemetery of the Certosa di Bologna monastery"
[h=1][/h]
The Japanese are the gold standard in optics. Two behemoths reign; Canon and Nikon.
Nikon was founded in 1917. A merger of three small optic companies; 200 employees, 8 of which were German technicians. Before 1945 all of Canon's cameras had Nikon glass.
the first Japanese 35mm camera had a Nikon lens on a Canon body!! ha!! Was named Hanzas Canon , 1935
[FONT=Trebucht MS, Arial, Helvetica]Canon (Seiki Kogaku) rangefinder camera [/FONT][FONT=Trebucht MS, Arial, Helvetica]HANSA[/FONT][FONT=Trebucht MS, Arial, Helvetica],1935/6 Model[/FONT]
today, Nikon's spectacular D5
here's a picture from a D5 courtesy Mr Rockwell.........................simply unreal. Can take clean pics at ISO 10,000 +!!!!.....crazy!!!
few more from D5
Nikon was founded in 1917. A merger of three small optic companies; 200 employees, 8 of which were German technicians. Before 1945 all of Canon's cameras had Nikon glass.
the first Japanese 35mm camera had a Nikon lens on a Canon body!! ha!! Was named Hanzas Canon , 1935
[FONT=Trebucht MS, Arial, Helvetica]Canon (Seiki Kogaku) rangefinder camera [/FONT][FONT=Trebucht MS, Arial, Helvetica]HANSA[/FONT][FONT=Trebucht MS, Arial, Helvetica],1935/6 Model[/FONT]
today, Nikon's spectacular D5
here's a picture from a D5 courtesy Mr Rockwell.........................simply unreal. Can take clean pics at ISO 10,000 +!!!!.....crazy!!!
few more from D5
with brand names like BMW, Porsche, Mercedes-Benz , Audi it is no wonder that German cars are synonymous with quality, class............arguably at the head of the class is storied, iconic BMW.
BMW (Bayerische Motoren Werke AG ) was founded in 1916, headquarters Munich.
1935. BMW 319 Roadster
and today...BMW Series 6 Cabriolet
the future?......
BMW (Bayerische Motoren Werke AG ) was founded in 1916, headquarters Munich.
1935. BMW 319 Roadster
and today...BMW Series 6 Cabriolet
the future?......
